Traditional uses:
Kava has a long history some 3000 years of being used in the pacific islands for medicinal, ceremonial and social purposes. Many individuals attribute the frequent consumption of kava is partially responsible for why the natives of the Pacific islands are referred to as the happiest and friendliest in the world. Aside from being used as a natural sedative, Kava, was also used throughout the pacific islands to treat headaches, indigestion, boils, cramps, etc.

Physiology:
Kava lactones are the most important constituents of the kava extract. These lactones are responsible for the overall feeling of "well being" while improving concentration and reaction time. Kava is an excellent sedative and may one day replace benzodiazepines in the pharmacological treatment of anxiety. Kava is able to produce anxiety-relieving effects comparable to benzodiazepines, but is free from the common and expected side effects of these highly addictive drugs. Kava is particularly effective if an individual's depression is associated with a great deal of anxiety.

Clinical Studies:
Studies have shown that Kava is responsible for significantly reducing the symptoms associated with menopasuse. Kava has also been shown to have mild analgesic, muscle relaxing, anti-anxiety and anticonvulsant

Modern day uses:
Hawthorne seems to work in two main ways. For one, it dilates the blood vessels, especially the coronary arteries that nourish the heart muscle. By this actions, it may help lower blood pressure and reduce angina. As the arteries dilate, or open wider, pressure throughout the blood vessel system is lowered. Hawthorne berry has been described as the "cardio herb" secondary to the following positive effects exerted on the cardiovascular system:

• Decreases cholesterol levels
• Decreases angina (chest pain) by dilating the cardiac blood vessels
• Prevents congestive heart failure by improving the contractions of the cardiac muscles, very similar to the prescription medication Digitalis.
• Lowers blood pressure
• Promotes a regular cardiac rate and rhythm
• Improves general circulation.
• The dilating effect (hence the potential to decrease blood pressure) of Hawthorne berry is why the herb is an important part of the Physicians Select Weight Loss Supplement. The Hawthorne berry reduces the potential for increased blood pressure that may result secondary to the actions of the Ephedra and some oft he other stimulate herbs in the Physicians' Select proprietary blend.

Precautions and/or adverse effects:
Individuals with preexisting medical conditions should consult with their physician particularly if they are taking prescription or over-the-counter-medications or supplements. Women who are pregnant or breast feeding and children should also consult with there physician prior to taking any new supplements.

Although rare, allergic reactions to Kava may occur. Individuals should stop taking Kava and seek emergency medical attention if you experience symptoms of a serious allergic reaction including hives, closing of your throat, difficult breathing, swelling of your lips, tongue, or face. Kava may increase drowsiness when ingested with substances that cause drowsiness i.e. antidepressants, sedatives, seizure medicines, muscle relaxants, pain relievers, anxiety medicines etc.

Black cohosh
(Cimicufuga racemosa)